Журнал "Проблемы агрохимии и экологии"

The factors, which influence the parameters of bases migration from the root-inhabited layer of soil, including the granulometric composition of soils, the form of calcium fertilizer and the scenarios of conducting the liming of soils in the Russian Federation up to 2020 the year are considered. The forecast of acidity dynamics in the arable soils in the zone of liming is represented. The balance of calcium (exchangeable base cations) in the area of liming in accordance with the results long-term investigations in lysimetric and field experiments is estimated. It allows not only to anticipate the direction of the process of impoverishment or enrichment of the soil absorbtion complex by bases, but also to calculate the quantitative parameters of the loss of calcium from the soil and, as a consequence, the change of soil reaction. It is revealed that the acidification of the soils is accompanied by the pH decrease by 0.03 units annually. The forecast of acidity dynamics of the arable soils in the zone of liming is calculated on the basis of the developed technique, according to which the area of acidic arable soils will increase by 1.5-1.6 times by 2020 and reach the amount of 58.4 million hectares. The area of arable soils with a pH of 5.0 or less, which require priority liming, will increase more than 2.5 times. With this perspective, the annual yield loss on acid soils will be from 24 to 27 million tons in terms of grain. Moreover the quality of crop production will dramatically reduce.